苏ICP备112451047180号-6
汽车发动机上盖零件机械加工工艺与专用钻夹具设计
摘要
汽车发动机上盖是汽车发动机的重要组成部分。它与发动机箱体装配，为发动机内部工作元件提供一个稳定安全的工作环境，防止内部零件在暴露环境下工作。上盖上还设计了检查窗，是为了便于观查内部元件的工作情况。
本设计说明书是在毕业设计过程中撰写完成的，是对发动机上盖加工工艺、夹具设计、分析和论证。主要内容有：上盖的工艺规程制定、典型加工工序分析、专用钻夹具设计。发动机上盖是典型的铸造箱盖类零件。结构上的特点就是扁平，长度宽度尺寸大，高度方向尺寸不大。考虑到上盖零件的毛坯选择铸造加工而成，在构型方面基本符合毛坯铸造方法的要求。非加工的成形面都采用了利于脱模的倒圆角设计。为了能在不拆卸上盖全体的条件下观察与检修内部元件的运作和故障情况，在零件设计时考虑到了在上盖的顶部设计一个检查口，为一凸台结构。与箱体装配的接合面尺寸很大，当用螺栓将其与发动机主体结合的时候，大的接合面能保证接合的密封性。夹具主要起保证加工质量，提高劳动生产效率；降低生产成本；扩大机床的工艺范围；减轻劳动强度等功用。
通过这些我对发动机上盖零件制造过程有一个总体的，全貌的了解与把握，能够掌握金属切削过程的基本规律，掌握机械加工的基本知识，能选择加工方法与机床，夹具及加工参数，具备制定工艺规程的能力和掌握机械加工精度和表面质量的基础，初步具备分析解决工艺问题的能力。
preface
Automobile gearbox cover is an important part of automobile transmission. It with gear-box assembly for internal transmission gear, shaft, etc element to provide a stable and safe work environment, to prevent internal parts work under exposed to the environment. Covered also designed the check window, is to facilitate the observation of internal components.
This design manual is written in the graduation design process, is the gearbox cover processing, fixture design, analysis and argument. Main content: cover the procedure of formulation, typical machining process analysis, special drill jig design. Gearbox cover is a typical casting box cover parts. The characteristics of the structure is flat, the size of the length, width, height direction size is not big. Considering the cover parts choose the blank casting, basic meet the requirements of the blank casting method in terms of configuration. The processing of forming surface are adopted to release fillet design. In order to under the condition of not remove the cover on the observation and maintenance operation and fault condition of internal components, during the component design considered a check at the top of the cover design, is a convex platform structure. And the faying surface of assembly of the size is very big, when the bolt combined with the gearbox body, big joint face to make sure that the sealing joint. Jig main guarantee processing quality, improve labor productivity; Reduce the production cost; Expanding process of machine tools; Reduce labor intensity, etc. Function.
Of gearbox cover parts manufacturing process through these I have a overall, the whole understanding and grasp, to master the basic rule of metal cutting process, master the basic knowledge of mechanical processing, can choose the processing method and machine tool, fixture and machining parameters, have the ability to process regulations formulated and mastering the machining accuracy and surface quality, the basis of a preliminary analysis and the ability to solve process problems.
目录
参考文献
[1]肖诗刚 艾兴 切削用量手册 北京 机械工业出版社1985.2
[2]李益民 现代制造工艺设计简明手册 北京 机械工业出版社 1994.7
[3]朱华 现代制造工艺标准装配实用手册 北京 机械工业出版社 1997.7
[4]吴拓 现代机床夹具设计 北京 化学工业出版社 2009.1
摘要
汽车发动机上盖是汽车发动机的重要组成部分。它与发动机箱体装配，为发动机内部工作元件提供一个稳定安全的工作环境，防止内部零件在暴露环境下工作。上盖上还设计了检查窗，是为了便于观查内部元件的工作情况。
本设计说明书是在毕业设计过程中撰写完成的，是对发动机上盖加工工艺、夹具设计、分析和论证。主要内容有：上盖的工艺规程制定、典型加工工序分析、专用钻夹具设计。发动机上盖是典型的铸造箱盖类零件。结构上的特点就是扁平，长度宽度尺寸大，高度方向尺寸不大。考虑到上盖零件的毛坯选择铸造加工而成，在构型方面基本符合毛坯铸造方法的要求。非加工的成形面都采用了利于脱模的倒圆角设计。为了能在不拆卸上盖全体的条件下观察与检修内部元件的运作和故障情况，在零件设计时考虑到了在上盖的顶部设计一个检查口，为一凸台结构。与箱体装配的接合面尺寸很大，当用螺栓将其与发动机主体结合的时候，大的接合面能保证接合的密封性。夹具主要起保证加工质量，提高劳动生产效率；降低生产成本；扩大机床的工艺范围；减轻劳动强度等功用。
通过这些我对发动机上盖零件制造过程有一个总体的，全貌的了解与把握，能够掌握金属切削过程的基本规律，掌握机械加工的基本知识，能选择加工方法与机床，夹具及加工参数，具备制定工艺规程的能力和掌握机械加工精度和表面质量的基础，初步具备分析解决工艺问题的能力。
preface
Automobile gearbox cover is an important part of automobile transmission. It with gear-box assembly for internal transmission gear, shaft, etc element to provide a stable and safe work environment, to prevent internal parts work under exposed to the environment. Covered also designed the check window, is to facilitate the observation of internal components.
This design manual is written in the graduation design process, is the gearbox cover processing, fixture design, analysis and argument. Main content: cover the procedure of formulation, typical machining process analysis, special drill jig design. Gearbox cover is a typical casting box cover parts. The characteristics of the structure is flat, the size of the length, width, height direction size is not big. Considering the cover parts choose the blank casting, basic meet the requirements of the blank casting method in terms of configuration. The processing of forming surface are adopted to release fillet design. In order to under the condition of not remove the cover on the observation and maintenance operation and fault condition of internal components, during the component design considered a check at the top of the cover design, is a convex platform structure. And the faying surface of assembly of the size is very big, when the bolt combined with the gearbox body, big joint face to make sure that the sealing joint. Jig main guarantee processing quality, improve labor productivity; Reduce the production cost; Expanding process of machine tools; Reduce labor intensity, etc. Function.
Of gearbox cover parts manufacturing process through these I have a overall, the whole understanding and grasp, to master the basic rule of metal cutting process, master the basic knowledge of mechanical processing, can choose the processing method and machine tool, fixture and machining parameters, have the ability to process regulations formulated and mastering the machining accuracy and surface quality, the basis of a preliminary analysis and the ability to solve process problems.
目录
第一章 工艺设计 5
1.1零件的工艺性分析 5
1.1.1零件的作用 5
1.1.2零件的结构特点与工艺性 5
1.1.3主要加工表面及其技术要求 5
1.2确定生产类型 6
1.3零件毛坯选择 6
1.3.1零件毛坯材料选择 6
1.3.2发动机上盖的毛坯图 6
1.3.3毛坯的制造方式 7
1.3.4毛坯尺寸的确定 7
1.4零件加工工艺规程的制定 8
1.4.1选择加工方法和加工方案 8
1.4.2定位基准的选择 8
1.4.3热处理及检验的选择与安排 9
1.4.4拟定工艺路线 9
1.4.5确定典型工序的切削用量及工序基本工时定额 10
1.4.6工艺过程的技术经济性分析 23
第二章夹具设计 24
2.1钻床夹具的设计 24
2.1.1钻床夹具的定位方案设计 24
2.1.2钻床夹具的定位误差分析 27
2.1.3钻削力与夹紧力的计算 27
2.1.4夹具的夹紧装置与机构设计 28
设计小结 30
致谢 31
参考文献 32
[1]肖诗刚 艾兴 切削用量手册 北京 机械工业出版社1985.2
[2]李益民 现代制造工艺设计简明手册 北京 机械工业出版社 1994.7
[3]朱华 现代制造工艺标准装配实用手册 北京 机械工业出版社 1997.7
[4]吴拓 现代机床夹具设计 北京 化学工业出版社 2009.1