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面粉厂流水线皮带调速
面粉厂流水线皮带调速的提出是因为我们都看到了工业的进步，PLC从外国进入代表着工业的改革，面粉厂过去是用人工来完成一系列的工作，在进行工作中人们花费了太多的时间和物力，并且在其中我们的工作效率又低，对面粉厂的收入来说不高，然而我们采用的PLC来进行对流水线皮带的调速可以让工作更加的有效率，并且减少了多工作的输出量，采用变频器来调节电机的转速，从而将每条流水线的速率经过我们的调节，来达到我们在工作过程的任务完成。我们此次要完成的任务是将面粉厂6条流水线的皮带调速。
现如今，在现实生活中出现了很多机电一体化产品，例如洗衣机、空调等；在工业 生产中各种机床，工业机器设备等都是机电一体化产品，例如，流水线就是运用了机电 一体化技术，是机电一体化技术成熟运用的结果。机电一体化是我们强国科技的一步，机电一体化正在改变着世界的工业领域。流水线的进步也改变着我们对机械与电气的认识。
在中国民以食为天，中国人口众多，长江以南的地方都是靠大米为食大米制作不需要太多工序，然而以北地区都以面食为主要日常的粮食，然而面食需要小麦，面粉需要好多步骤才可以完成。很多面粉厂为此就需要采用机械化生产面粉，这样才能满足市场供应的需求，才能让面粉厂可以盈利更多。在制造过程中要运输原料小麦如果采用人工来完成大大的减少了速率还有费时费力，面粉厂的流水线皮带的调速用于让生产出来的面粉更加符合面粉厂的要求，所以对于此的研究是需要的。面粉厂流水线皮带调速系统不仅可以使生产实现自动化，而且大大减轻了工作人员的工 作量，提高了生产效率，最重要的是降低了生产成本。让生产出来的面粉更加精致，让人们在食用时更加符合人们的口味。
对此流水线皮带调速国内外都有着两种方式来进行对皮带进行调速，一种是机械齿轮调速靠机械原理来进行适当的满足所需求进行调速，但是机械调速只可以是固定的对皮带进行定向的改变。另一种是变频器调速变频器对此是用变频器对皮带调速，然而它比机械调速更好，可以满足人们需求来改变对皮带的调速。对此面对很多厂家来说变频器调速无疑不是一种经济且更加满足市场要求的一种系统。它带给我们的是科技的步伐，所以它可以为我们的工业带来更多的氧气。解决很多的工业问题。所以，流水线皮带调速系统变成为了工业市场中必不可少的运输设备。
流水线皮带调速系统，简单地说就是用一台PLC可编程控制器来控制6台变频器从而达到我们的需求进行对皮带的速率控制。其工作主流程 为：由一台PLC可编程控制器来连接6台变频器从而使面粉厂流水线皮带的电机来进行调速的过程。采用触摸屏的输入来改变对变频器的过程，采用触摸屏示教功能来完成对变频器的参数改变从而改变了流水线速率。
经过分析面粉厂流水线皮带调速系统由于工作的要求较高，所以要使用伺服系统驱动。又由于面粉厂流水线没条流水线的工作时的速率不同， 而且流水线的工作的位置不同， 所以需要6台变频器控制。6台变频器都由PLC控制，在此过程中每台变频器都可以由触摸屏输入，从而达到流水线的变速。
我们在选择皮带时考虑的是面粉厂所需要的要求即可，面对经济和实用价值来讲的话，我们即可采用橡胶类的皮带来进行对面粉的运输，结构类型来所的话我们采用也得按照面粉厂所需要来进行适合的安装。调速就不用多说了肯定是采用我们的变频调速；机构可采用不锈钢或者是采用铝型材质就可以了，因为面粉厂是食品制造行业，面对卫生安全选择此种材质可以避免对面粉的影响。
在制作面粉厂流水线皮带调速系统中,因为控制的装置较大,同时对速率的要求比较高,并且需要运送的产量大等,所以为了提高本系统的精度和生产效率,本系统采用变频器调速系统来提高设备的精度和生产效率。这样既提高了食品所需要的质量,又提高了对面粉的生产效率节省了人力;由于需要运输的面粉质量不同，导致需要运输过程中的时间也不同，所以需要根据生产需要来调节运输过程的时间，通过控制六台电机的速度调节需要在生产过程中的时间，这样就能够通过对电机的调速从而来改变生产过程中的所需要花费的时间。
本系统选用的PLC品牌是西门子。据分析，本系统使用的点数有 12个，包括 6个输入点和6个输出点。SIMATIC S7-200 PLC S7-200 PLC是超小型化的PLC，它适用于各行各业，各种场合中的自动检测、监测及控制等。S7-200 PLC的强大功能使其无论单机运行，或连成网络都能实现复杂的控制功能。 S7-200PLC可提供4个不同的基本型号与8种CPU可供选择使用。西门子 S7-200 CPU226CN DC/DC/DC 有6个高速脉冲计数器（ HSC0～HSC5），可满足本系统的计数需求，所以选择西门子SIMATIC S7-200 CPU226CNDC/DC/DC。它有40个点，包括 24个输入点和 16个输出点，可满足本次课题的 I/O 点数需求。电源 24V DC，24V DC 输入，24V DC输出,通讯口有 2个RS-485 接口，PPI 通讯波特率为 9.6kbaut、19.2kbaut、187.5kbaut（一般使用 9.6kbaut），拥有内置实时时钟，支出浮点数运算，有 256个定时器（4个1ms、16个10ms和236个100ms），计数器 256个。
触摸屏又称人机界面（Human Machine Interface ,HMI），为了操作上的方便，人们用触摸屏来代替鼠标或键盘。工作时，首先用手指或其它物体触摸安装在显示器前端的触摸屏，然后系统根据手指触摸的图标或菜单位置来定位选择信息输入。触摸屏触摸检测部件和触摸屏控制器组成；触摸检测部件安装在显示器屏幕前面，用于检测用户触摸位置，接受后送触摸屏控制器；而触摸屏控制器的主要作用是从触摸点检测装置上接收触摸信息，并将它转换成触点坐标，再送给CPU，它同时能接收CPU发来的命令并加以执行。随着使用电脑作为信息来源的与日俱增，触摸屏易于使用、坚固耐用、反应速度快、节省空间等优点。触摸屏是目前最简单、自然和方便的一种人机交互方式。
从技术原理来说触摸屏，可分为五个基本种类：矢量压力传感技术触摸屏、电阻技术触摸屏、电容技术触摸屏、红外线技术触摸屏、表面声波技术触摸屏。
在面粉厂流水线皮带调速系统中，利用触摸屏来设置六台电机的传送带的传送速度，使得工作人员能够更简单的使用面粉厂流水线皮带调速系统，在本流水线皮带调速系统中使用的是西门子（SIEMENS）触摸屏，如下图所示，型号为SMART700。
德国西门子（SIEMENS）公司生产的可编程序控制器在我国的应用也相当广泛，在冶金、化工、印刷生产线等领域都有应用。西门子（SIEMENS）公司的PLC产品包括LOGO、S7-200、S7-1200、S7-300、S7-400等。 西门子S7系列PLC体积小、速度快、标准化，具有网络通信能力，功能更强，可靠性高。S7系列PLC产品可分为微型PLC（如S7-200），小规模性能要求的PLC（如S7-300）和中、高性能要求的PLC（如S7-400）等。西门子SIMATIC系列PLC，诞生于1958年，经历了C3,S3,S5,S7系列，已成为应用非常广泛的可编程控制器。由最初发展至今，S3、S5系列PLC已逐步退出市场，停止生产，而S7系列PLC发展成为了西门子自动化系统的控制核心，而TDC系统沿用SIMADYN D技术内核，是对S7系列产品的进一步升级，它是西门子自动化系统尖端，功能最强的可编程控制器。SIMATIC S7-200 PLC S7-200 PLC是超小型化的PLC，它适用于各行各业，各种场合中的自动检测、监测及控制等。S7-200 PLC的强大功能使其无论单机运行，或连成网络都能实现复杂的控制功能。 S7-200PLC可提供4个不同的基本型号与8种CPU可供选择使用。之所以我们选择了西门子PLC是因为：西门子是纵向和横向兼备的结构，而且子程序支持局部变量，相同的功能只需要编一次程序即可，大大减少了开发难度和时间，S7-200一直以来支持强大的浮点运算，编程软件直接支持小数点输入输出S7-200的模拟量输入输出程序非常简单方便，AD、DA值可以不需编程直接存取的，所以采用西门子STEP 7-200 SMART是很正确的。
西门子变频器也在用于家电产品。如今使用西门子变频器的家电产品中不仅有电机（例如空调等），还有台灯等产品。用于电机控制的西门子变频器，既可以改变电压，又可以改变频率。但用于台灯的西门子变频器主要用于调节电源供电的频率。汽车上使用的由电池（直流电）产生交流电的设备也以“converter”的名称进行出售。西门子变频器的工作原理被广泛应用于各个领域。例如计算机电源的供电等，在该项应用中，西门子变频器用于抑制反向电压、及电源的瞬间断电。
Flour factory assembly line belt speed control system
Flour factory assembly line of the belt speed because we all see the progress of the industry, PLC from foreign to represent the industrial reform, flour mills is to use artificial to complete a series of work in the past, people spend too much time on work and material, and in which our work efficiency is low, for flour mills's income is not high, yet we adopt PLC to the assembly line of belt speed can make work more efficiently, and reduce the work output, frequency converter is used to adjust the speed of motor, which will be the rate at which each line after our adjustment, to meet us in the working process of the task to complete.We have to complete the task is to flour mills 6 line belt speed.
Nowadays, in real life there are many mechanical and electrical integration products, such as washing machines, air conditioners, etc.;In the industrial production of a variety of machine tools, industrial machinery and equipment, etc are electromechanical integration products, for example, assembly line is the use of the electromechanical integration technology, is the result of the electromechanical integration technology mature application. Mechatronics is our powers, the step of science and technology, mechanical and electrical integration industry is changing the world. The progress of the assembly line is changing our understanding of mechanical and electrical.
Food is in China, China's large population, south of the Yangtze river is depend on rice for food rice production processes don't need too much, but the areas north of pasta as the main daily food, pasta, however need to wheat, flour, need a lot of steps to complete .Many mills for this you need to adopt mechanization production of flour, so as to meet the needs of the market supply, to make flour mills can earn more .To transport the raw material in the process of manufacturing wheat if using artificial to complete greatly reduced rate and time-consuming, laborious flour factory assembly line belt speed for let produced more accord with the requirement of flour mills, flour so for this research is needed .Flour factory assembly line belt speed control system can not only realize automation of production and greatly reduce the amount of work staff, improve the production efficiency, the most important is to reduce the production cost .Let the production of flour is more delicate, make people when eating more in line with people's taste.
This assembly line belt speed at home and abroad have two ways to carry out to speed of belt, is a kind of mechanical gear speed regulation on mechanical principle for appropriate to meet the requirements in terms of speed, but mechanical speed adjustment can be fixed only to directional change belt .Another kind is speed-regulate of frequency converter to this is to use frequency converter on the belt speed, however, it is better than mechanical speed, can meet the demand of people to change the speed of belt .Are faced with many manufacturer of frequency inverter speed control is a kind of a system that could satisfy the requirement of market economy and more .It brings us is the pace of science and technology, so it can bring more oxygen for our industry. A lot of industrial problems. So, line belt speed control system become the indispensable transport equipment for industrial markets.
Assembly line belt speed regulation system, simply is to use a PLC programmable controller to control frequency converter so as to achieve our requirements for 6 sets the speed control of the belt. Its main work is: by a PLC programmable controller to connect six inverter for making flour factory assembly line belt motor speed regulating process. Adopt touch screen input to the process of change of frequency converter, using touch screen to complete the teaching function of frequency converter parameters change which changes the line rate.
Through analysis of flour factory assembly line belt speed control system as a result of the work the demand is higher, so you want to use servo drive system. Again due to flour factory assembly line didn't production line of the rate at which work is different, and the location of the assembly line work, so I need 6 sets inverter control.6 sets of frequency converter is controlled by PLC, in this process for each inverter can be input by the touch screen, so as to achieve production line speed.
We consider when choosing a belt is the requirements of flour mills can, in the face of economic and practical value, we can adopt rubber belt for transportation of flour, structure types to the words we use have to be carried out in accordance with the flour mills need to suitable for installation. Speed is needless to say for sure is to use our frequency control of motor speed; Institutions can use stainless steel or the aluminum quality is ok, because the mills are food manufacturing industries, in the face of health security choose this kind of material can avoid the impact on the flour.
In making flour factory assembly line belt speed regulation system, because of the control device is larger, at the same time, demand for rate is higher, and the need to deliver the production of large, etc., so in order to improve the precision of this system and the production efficiency, this system adopts frequency converter speed control system to improve the accuracy of the equipment and the production efficiency. Already so as to improve the quality of the food needed, and improved the production efficiency of flour saves manpower; Due to transport of flour quality is different, lead to need in the process of transportation time is different also, so need according to production needs to adjust the time of transportation, six speed regulation of motor by controlling the need in the process of production time, so you can through to the motor speed to change the amount of time needed in the process of production.
This system use PLC Siemens brand is. According to the analysis, the system use with 12 points, including six input points and six dots. SIMATIC S7-200 PLC S7-200 PLC is microminiaturization PLC, it is suitable for all walks of life, various kinds of occasions in the automatic detection, monitoring and control, etc. The powerful features of the S7-200 PLC whether its stand-alone operation, or connect network can realize complicated control function.S7-200 PLC can provide four different basic models used with eight kinds of CPU to choose from. Siemens S7-200 CPU226CN DC/DC/DC has six high-speed pulse counter (HSC0 ~ HSC5), can meet the demand of the count of this system, so we chose Siemens SIMATIC S7-200 CPU226CNDC/DC/DC.It has 40 points, including 24 input points and 16 output points, can meet the demand of this topic I/O points.24 v power supply24 v DC, DC 24 v DC input, output, communication mouth has 2 RS - 485 interface, PPI communication baud rate of 9.6 k baut, 19.2 kbaut, 187.5 kbaut (9.6 kbaut generally use), has a built-in real-time clock, spending floating-point calculations, there are 256 timer 1 ms (4, 16 10 ms and 236 ms) 236, 256 counter.
Touch screen is also called the Human Machine Interface (Human Machine Interface, HMI), to the ease of operation, people use touch screen instead of a mouse or keyboard.Work, the first touch installation with fingers or other objects in the front of the touch screen, displays and system according to the fingers touch the icon or menu to locate the position selection information input.Touch screen touch detection unit and the touch screen controller;Touch detection unit installed in front of the display screen, used to detect the user touch position, after accept send a touch screen controller;The main function of controller and touch screen from the touch point detection device to receive touch information, and convert it to touch point coordinate, then to the CPU, it also can receive commands from the CPU and enforce them.With increasing use computers as a source of information, touch screen is easy to use, durable, fast response, save a space, etc.Touch screen is one of the most simple, natural and convenient way of human-computer interaction.
From technical principles for touch screen, can be divided into five basic categories: vector pressure sensing technology, touch screen, resistance touch screen technology, capacitive touch screen technology, infrared technology touch screen and surface acoustic wave touch screen.
In flour factory assembly line belt speed control system, using the touch screen to set up six motor conveyor belt transmission speed, allowing workers to more simple use of flour factory assembly line belt speed control system, in this line belt speed control system is used in the SIEMENS (SIEMENS) touch screen, as shown in the figure below, the model for SMART700.
Germany's SIEMENS (SIEMENS) company produces the programmable controller is also widely applied in our country, in the field of metallurgy, chemical industry, printing line, are used.SIEMENS (SIEMENS) PLC products of the company including logos, S7-200, S7-1200, S7-300, S7-400, etc.Small volume, high speed of Siemens S7 PLC, standardization, network communication ability, more functions and high reliability.Products can be divided into miniature PLC S7 series PLC (e.g., S7-200), small performance requirements of the PLC (such as S7-300) and medium and high performance requirements of the PLC (such as S7-400).Siemens SIMATIC series PLC, was born in 1958, has experienced the C3, S3, S5 and S7 series, has become a wide application of programmable controller.By the initial development up to now, the S3, S5 series PLC has been gradually withdraw from the market, to stop production, and development become the Siemens S7 series PLC as control core of the automation system, and the TDC system used SIMADYN D kernel, is to further upgrade of S7 series of products, it is the advanced Siemens automation system, programmable of the strongest Making machines.SIMATIC S7-200 PLC S7-200 PLC is microminiaturization PLC, it is suitable for all walks of life, various kinds of occasions in the automatic detection, monitoring and control, etc.The powerful features of the S7-200 PLC whether its stand-alone operation, or connect network can realize complicated control function.S7-200 PLC can provide four different basic models used with eight kinds of CPU to choose from.We chose the Siemens PLC because: Siemens is the structure of vertical and horizontal both ability and political integrity, and subroutines that support local variables, the same function you just need to make up a program, greatly reduce the developing difficulty and time, S7-200 has been support powerful floating point arithmetic, programming software directly support decimal input/output S7-200 analog input and output of the program is very simple and convenient, AD, DA values can be direct access without programming, so the Siemens the STEP 7-200 SMART is very correct.
Siemens inverter are also used in home appliances.Now use the Siemens inverter electrical appliances product not only has the motor (such as air conditioning, etc.), and table lamps and other products.Siemens frequency converter for motor control, can change the voltage, and can change the frequency.But for desk lamp of the Siemens inverter is mainly used to adjust the frequency of power supply.Cars use alternating current generated by the cell (dc) of the equipment are also sold in the name of "converter".The working principle of Siemens inverter is widely applied in various fields.For example, the computer power supply power supply, etc., in the application, Siemens frequency converter is used to inhibit the reverse voltage, power and power of the moment.